perfect pitch

Perfect pitch, also known as absolute pitch, is the rare ability to identify or sing a specific musical note without any external reference. This ability is independent of a standard scale and is determined by the frequency of sound waves. For example, a high frequency of 880 hertz (Hz) is perceived as a high pitch, while a low frequency of 55 Hz is perceived as a low pitch. While the standard pitch for A above middle C is currently 440 Hz, this has varied historically. Perfect pitch typically develops in childhood and may be linked to a strong auditory memory, possibly related to a familiar instrument like a piano.123