ground drum

A ground drum is a type of membranophone, a musical instrument that produces sound from a vibrating membrane. In its simplest form, a ground drum consists of an animal skin stretched over the opening of a pit. These drums are nonportable and are found in various parts of the world, including Africa, Australia, and North America. They are often played by women in Africa and Australia, and by men in North America. Similar instruments can be made by stretching a skin over a gourd or clay pot. Ground drums are considered percussion instruments and are distinct from friction drums, which are sounded by rubbing.12