buckler fibula

A fibula was a type of brooch or pin used in ancient Greek and Roman dress to fasten garments. These ornaments were based on the safety-pin principle and came in various shapes. Early Greek fibulae, dating back to the 7th century BCE, were often elaborately decorated with animal motifs or friezes. The use of fibulae spread throughout the ancient world, with examples found in Persia and favored by the Etruscans. The Roman conquests further popularized the fibula, influencing more complex brooch designs.1

During the Middle Ages, particularly among Teutonic tribes, a common type of fibula was the "buckler" variety, characterized by a fan head, arched bridge, and flat or molded foot, often featuring pierced work. Other forms included disk fibulae and S-shaped fibulae. While the Roman safety-pin style eventually fell out of use, fibulae remained significant ornaments, reflecting the artistic styles and craftsmanship of different regions and peoples.21