Which historical event involving Colombian plantation workers appears in One Hundred Years of Solitude?

In One Hundred Years of Solitude, Gabriel García Márquez incorporates the historical Banana Massacre of 1928.12

This event involved the United Fruit Company, which operated extensive banana plantations in Colombia. In December 1928, thousands of workers went on strike to demand better working conditions, including wage increases and improved medical services. The Colombian government, under pressure from the company, deployed the military to suppress the strike. On December 6, in the town of Ciénaga, federal troops opened fire on a crowd of striking workers and their families, resulting in a death toll estimated to be as high as 1,000.13

In the novel, this tragedy is depicted as a massacre of thousands of striking plantation workers by the army, with their bodies subsequently loaded onto freight trains to be dumped into the sea. The event serves as a critical moment in the story, highlighting the exploitation of the region and the subsequent erasure of the truth under martial law.23