Six Principles
philosophy of painting
Also known as: liufa
Quick Summary
The Six Principles, also known as liufa, are a set of guidelines for Chinese painting developed by Xie He in the 6th century. These principles have evolved over time but generally include:1
- Spirit resonance (or creativity): Infusing the artwork with life and movement through a connection with nature's spirit.12
- Structural use of the brush: Employing brushstrokes with power and tension, reflecting both painting and calligraphy.12
- Representation of objects: Accurately depicting forms.12
- Specific coloration: Applying colors appropriately to the objects depicted.12
- Composition: Planning and arranging elements within the artwork.12
- Transmission of the old masters: Preserving tradition by copying ancient works.12
These principles became foundational for training painters and for art criticism in China.12
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