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The Memphis Sound, primarily associated with Stax Records, emerged in the 1960s as a distinctive style of Southern soul music. This genre was characterized by its integrated musicians, a down-home atmosphere, and a unique sound featuring a distinctive horn section and a powerful, bass-heavy rhythm. Key figures and groups like Booker T. and the MG's, Otis Redding, and Sam and Dave were central to its development.

In the 1970s, Hi Records, under Willie Mitchell, further innovated with artists like Al Green, creating a slower tempo, percussive soul style that remained influential. The Memphis Sound's emotional delivery and ethnic pride have left a lasting impact on genres like disco, funk, and hip-hop.

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