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The Heidelberg School was a group of Australian painters, including Tom Roberts, Frederick McCubbin, and Charles Conder, who were instrumental in introducing Impressionism to Australia. They established artists' camps in the Australian bush, most notably at Box Hill and Eaglemont, where they painted landscapes. Their work culminated in the 1889 Impression Exhibition, which showcased small Impressionist landscapes painted on cigar box lids. Despite initial controversy, the Heidelberg School dominated Australian art for over three decades, with Roberts being particularly known for his depictions of Australian rural life. This movement is distinct from the Heidelberg Romantics, a group of German poets active around 1806.12

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