warhorse

A warhorse, or charger, is a horse specifically bred and trained for use in warfare. These animals were crucial in military history, particularly during the age of cavalry, which dominated European warfare from around 400 CE to the 14th century. The development of the warhorse involved significant advancements in breeding, with superior breeds like the Arabian horse playing a key role in tactical success.12

Technological innovations such as the war saddle, stirrup, curb bit, and iron horseshoes were vital for controlling and effectively utilizing these powerful animals in combat. These developments allowed riders to become a single unit with their mounts, enabling them to deliver powerful charges with lances. The breeding and maintenance of warhorses required substantial resources, making them expensive and difficult to establish as distinct breeds.1