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The spiny elm caterpillar is the larval stage of the mourning cloak butterfly. These caterpillars are known for their spiny appearance. While the term "spiny elm caterpillar" specifically refers to the mourning cloak larva, it's important to distinguish it from other caterpillar species that may also feed on elm trees. For instance, the white-marked tussock moth (Hemerocampa leucostigma) also has larvae that can defoliate shade and fruit trees, including elms.12

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