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The Phallostethidae are a family of small freshwater and brackish-water fishes found in Southeast Asia and the Philippines. Their systematic position is uncertain, and they are sometimes placed in their own suborder of Percomorphi, with possible affinities to Atherinidae or Microcyprini. The name "Phallostethidae" comes from the Greek words for "penis" and "breast," referring to a unique reproductive organ found in males.1

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