Passeriform: References & Edit History

Additional Reading

Specialized works and technical review articles include Peter L. Ames, The Morphology of the Syrinx in Passerine Birds (1971); Charles G. Sibley, A Comparative Study of the Egg-White Proteins of Passerine Birds (1970); K.E.L. Simmons, “Anting and the Problem of Self-Stimulation,” Journal of Zoology, 149:145–162 (1966); and E.F. Potter, “Anting in Wild Birds: Its Frequency and Probable Purpose,” Auk, 87:692–713 (1970). Taxonomic works include Jean Delacour and Charles Vaurie, A Classification of the Oscines (Aves) (1957); and Ernst Mayr and J.C. Greenway, Jr., “Sequence of Passerine Families,” Breviora, vol. 58 (1956).

Article Contributors

Primary Contributors

  • Frank Gill
  • Mary Heimerdinger Clench
    Research Scientist, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston. Research Associate, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh. Author and coauthor of numerous articles on birds.
  • Oliver L. Austin
  • The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
    Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors.

Other Encyclopedia Britannica Contributors

Article History

Type Description Contributor Date
Article title updated for style. Nov 13, 2026
Invalidated site: The University of New Mexico - Searchable Ornithological Research Archive - Monophyly of the Passeriformes: Test of a Phylogenetic Hypothesis. Sep 04, 2026
Add new Web site: BMC Ecology and Evolution - Dating the diversification of the major lineages of Passeriformes (Aves). Aug 29, 2025
Add new Web site: BMC Ecology and Evolution - Dating the diversification of the major lineages of Passeriformes (Aves). Jan 30, 2025
Add new Web site: National Center for Biotechnology Information - PubMed Central - Dating the diversification of the major lineages of Passeriformes (Aves). Nov 21, 2024
Add new Web site: PNAS - Biological Sciences - Earth history and the passerine superradiation. Sep 25, 2024
Add new Web site: CORE - A comparison of success rates of introduced passeriform birds in New Zealand, Australia and the United States (PDF). Aug 16, 2024
Add new Web site: Cell Press - Current Biology - Passerine birds. Jul 04, 2024
Add new Web site: New Hampshire Public Television - Wildlife Journal Junior - Passeriformes - Perching Birds. May 22, 2024
Add new Web site: Nature - The earliest Tyrannida (Aves, Passeriformes), from the Oligocene of France. Feb 02, 2024
Add new Web site: The University of New Mexico - Searchable Ornithological Research Archive - Monophyly of the Passeriformes: Test of a Phylogenetic Hypothesis. Nov 17, 2023
Add new Web site: Academia - Evolution, biogeography, and patterns of diversification in passerine birds (PDF). Mar 25, 2023
Added cross-reference. Feb 10, 2023
Changed “wood warblers (Parulidae) were established by the this time” to “wood warblers (Parulidae) were established by this time.” Jan 20, 2021
Media added. Aug 01, 2016
Added video. May 27, 2015
Replaced photograph. May 28, 2014
Added video and image of red-billed queleas. Mar 04, 2014
Added image of a greater double-collared sunbird. Apr 19, 2012
Geologic time data updated. Sep 11, 2009
Table comparing three different ways passeriforms are classified added. Mar 24, 2009
Added new Web site: Zipcode Zoo - Passeriformes. Feb 05, 2009
Article revised and updated. Jul 10, 2008
Added new Web site: Integrated Taxonomic Information System - Passeriformes. Oct 09, 2007
Article revised. Dec 01, 2000
Article added to new online database. Aug 23, 1998
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