hippopotamus: References & Edit History

Additional Reading

S.K. Eltringham, The Hippos: Natural History and Conservation (2010), synthesizes more than four decades of research in Africa into a coherent portrait of hippopotamus behavior, ecology, and management concerns. Richard Despard Estes, The Behavior Guide to African Mammals: Including Hoofed Mammals, Carnivores, Primates (2012), provides a useful summary of behavior and ecology. Glenn Feldhake, Hippos: Natural History & Conservation (2005), provides various details of hippos and their habitat and features several photographs of the species. Norman Myers, The Long African Day (1972), features hippos in this classic work that celebrates African wildlife.

Article Contributors

Primary Contributors

Other Contributors

  • Igor Gabor

Other Encyclopedia Britannica Contributors

Article History

Type Description Contributor Date
Invalidated site: American Association for the Advancement of Science - Science Advances - Hippos (Hippopotamus amphibius): The animal silicon pump. Oct 31, 2026
Add new Web site: Endangered Wildlife Trust - Hippopotamus amphibius – Common Hippopotamus (PDF). May 30, 2026
Add new Web site: The Royal Society Publishing - Proceedings B - Hippopotamus are distinct from domestic livestock in their resource subsidies to and effects on aquatic ecosystems. Mar 05, 2026
Add new Web site: National Center for Biotechnology Information - PubMed Central - Hippos (Hippopotamus amphibius): The animal silicon pump. Jan 24, 2026
Add new Web site: National Center for Biotechnology Information - PubMed Central - Hippos (Hippopotamus amphibius): The animal silicon pump. Aug 21, 2025
Add new Web site: Nature - Scientific Reports - Spatial ecology of male hippopotamus in a changing watershed. Jun 13, 2025
Add new Web site: Philadelphia Zoo - Hippopotamus. Apr 14, 2025
Add new Web site: One Earth - How hippopotamus shape African waterways with their immense size and force. Feb 15, 2025
Add new Web site: Better Planet Education - Hippopotamus - Overview. Dec 17, 2024
Media added. Nov 07, 2024
Media added. Oct 08, 2024
Add new Web site: San Diego Wildlife Alliance Library - Hippopotamus. Aug 20, 2024
Add new Web site: American Association for the Advancement of Science - Science Advances - Hippos (Hippopotamus amphibius): The animal silicon pump. Jun 24, 2024
Add new Web site: South African National Biodiversity Institute - Red List of South African Species - Hippopotamus amphibius. Jan 04, 2024
Add new Web site: Animal Corner - Hippopotamus. Nov 07, 2023
Add new Web site: World Animal Foundation - Getting to Grips With the Most Dangerous Land Animal � The Common Hippopotamus. Aug 17, 2023
Add new Web site: Livescience - Facts about hippos. Aug 29, 2022
Added map depicting the geographic extent of Hippopotamus amphibius and Hexaprotodon liberiensis (which is also known as Choeropsis liberiensis). Nov 27, 2017
Removed text related to hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius) populations near Lake Chad. Nov 27, 2017
Updated physical description, maturation time, conservation status, and evolution of Hippopotamus amphibious. Updated conservation status of the pygmy hippopotamus (Choeropsis liberiensis or Hexaprotodon liberiensis). Mar 10, 2017
Bibliography revised and updated. Mar 10, 2017
Media added. Jun 20, 2016
Add new Web site: National Geographic - Kids - Hippopotamus. Jul 21, 2014
Add new Web site: Buzzle.com - Biography of Princess Diana. May 26, 2014
Add new Web site: World Wildlife Fund - Hippopotamus. May 26, 2014
Add new Web site: All About Jazz - Biography of Sarah Vaughan. Mar 04, 2014
Add new Web site: Wildscreen Arkive - Hippopotamus. Mar 04, 2014
Add new Web site: African Wildlife Foundation - Hippopotamus. Mar 04, 2014
Add new Web site: Buzzle.com - What do Hippos Eat. Mar 04, 2014
Add new Web site: San Diego Zoo Animals and Plants - Hippo. Mar 04, 2014
Add new Web site: British Broadcasting Corporation - Hippopotamus. Mar 04, 2014
Add new Web site: National Geographic - Kids - Hippopotamus. Jan 30, 2013
Add new Web site: AZ Animals - Hippopotamus. Jan 29, 2013
Add new Web site: National Geographic - Animals - Hippopotamus. Jan 29, 2013
Text added noting that the hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius) is comparable in size and weight to the white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) and the Indian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis). Aug 17, 2012
Add new Web site: Science Kids - Fun Science and Technology for Kids - Fun Hippo Facts for Kids. Mar 16, 2012
Geologic time data updated. Sep 15, 2009
Added new Web site: Animal Planet - Hippopotamus. Apr 14, 2009
Added new Web site: National Geographic - Hippopotamus. Sep 03, 2008
Added new Web site: How Stuff Works - Animals - Hippopotamus. May 28, 2008
Added new Web site: African American Registry - Biography of Queen Latifah. Feb 07, 2008
Added new Web site: Animal Diversity Web - Hippopotamus. May 29, 2006
Article revised. Jun 16, 2005
Article revised. Feb 24, 2005
Article revised. Feb 16, 2001
Article added to new online database. Jul 20, 1998
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