Gruiform: References & Edit History
More Articles On This Topic
Additional Reading
Lawrence Walkinshaw, Cranes of the World (1973), provides comprehensive coverage; it is brought up to date by Paul A. Johnsgard, Cranes of the World (1983). Robert Porter Allen, The Whooping Crane (1952), is the classic monograph on this endangered species, with a brief descriptive and distributional treatment of the cranes of the world. Walkinshaw’s The Sandhill Cranes (1949) contains detailed information on this species. Henry Eliot Howard, A Waterhen’s Worlds (1940), is a monograph on the common gallinule or moorhen, with emphasis on behaviour, one of the early classics in ethology. S. Keith, C.W. Benson, and M.P. Stuart Irwin, “The Genus Sarothrura (Aves, Rallidae),” Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, vol. 143 (1970), is a study of this genus of African rails, with colour plates of the birds, diagrams of vocalizations, and a general treatment of rail voices. H.T. Hendrickson, “A Comparative Study of the Egg White Proteins of Some Species of the Avian Order Gruiformes,” Ibis, 3:80–91 (1969), contains an exhaustive listing of the taxonomic characters for the order.
Article Contributors
Primary Contributors
- Frank Gill
-
G. Stuart Keith
Research Associate, Department of Ornithology, American Museum of Natural History, New York City. Author of numerous scientific and popular articles on cranes.
-
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors.
Other Encyclopedia Britannica Contributors
Article History
| Type | Description | Contributor | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Article title updated for style. | Nov 13, 2026 | ||
| Added cross-reference to great bustard. | May 22, 2025 | ||
| Removed diagrams. Added cross-reference. | Jan 22, 2025 | ||
| Invalidated site: Animal Diversity Web - Order Gruiformes. | May 20, 2020 | ||
| Added video. | Feb 27, 2015 | ||
| Added video. | Dec 19, 2014 | ||
| Added image of red-legged seriema. | Mar 16, 2010 | ||
| Article revised and updated. | Jul 10, 2008 | ||
| Added new Web site: Animal Diversity Web - Order Gruiformes. | May 30, 2006 | ||
| Article added to new online database. | Jul 26, 1999 |