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goliath grouper, (Epinephelus itajara), large sea bass (family Serranidae) found on the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of tropical America and in the eastern Atlantic Ocean. The species sometimes attains a length of 2.5 metres (8.2 feet) and a weight of about 455 kg (1,000 pounds). The adult is dull olive-brown with faint spots and bands. Adult goliath groupers are usually solitary and typically remain in the same area for extended periods. In 2001 the American...