Columbiform: References & Edit History

Additional Reading

Accounts of the natural history of columbiform birds are available in Derek Goodwin, Pigeons and Doves of the World, 3rd ed. (1983); Ronald Keir Murton, The Wood Pigeon (1965), on the biology of an abundant European species; Wendell Mitchell Levi, The Pigeon, rev. ed. (1957, reissued 1977), a complete discussion of the care and breeding of domestic pigeons; and A.W. Schorger, The Passenger Pigeon (1955, reissued 1973), an exceptionally thorough account of the natural history, economics, and demise of this once-abundant North American pigeon. In addition to Goodwin’s book above, the taxonomy of pigeons is discussed in R.F. Johnston, “Taxonomy of Pigeons,” Condor, 64:69–74 (1962); Goodwin’s “Taxonomy of the Genus Columba,” Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology, no. 6, pp. 1–23 (1959); and E.W. Gifford, “Taxonomy and Habits of Pigeons,” Auk, 58:239–245 (1941).

Article Contributors

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  • Ronald K. Murton
  • The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
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Article History

Type Description Contributor Date
Article title updated for style. Nov 12, 2026
Modified link of Web site: National Center for Biotechnology Information - PubMed Central - Diet composition of wild columbiform birds: next-generation sequencing of plant and metazoan DNA in faecal samples. Aug 12, 2026
Add new Web site: National Center for Biotechnology Information - PubMed Central - Diet composition of wild columbiform birds: next-generation sequencing of plant and metazoan DNA in faecal samples. Feb 27, 2026
Add new Web site: BMC Ecology and Evolution - Complete mitochondrial genomes of living and extinct pigeons revise the timing of the columbiform radiation. Oct 10, 2025
Add new Web site: National Center for Biotechnology Information - PubMed Central - Diet composition of wild columbiform birds: next-generation sequencing of plant and metazoan DNA in faecal samples. Jun 04, 2025
Add new Web site: National Center for Biotechnology Information - PubMed Central - Diet composition of wild columbiform birds: next-generation sequencing of plant and metazoan DNA in faecal samples. Apr 09, 2025
Add new Web site: Digital Commons at University of South Florida - Sexing mature columbiformes by cloacal characters (PDF). Aug 14, 2024
Add new Web site: Oiseaux-birds - Family Paridae - Family Columbidae. Nov 17, 2023
Add new Web site: National Center for Biotechnology Information - PubMed Central - Diet composition of wild columbiform birds: next-generation sequencing of plant and metazoan DNA in faecal samples. Jul 09, 2023
Article revised and updated. Jul 09, 2008
Added new Web site: Animal Diversity Web - Columbidae. May 30, 2006
Article added to new online database. Jul 26, 1999
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