Squalidae

The family Squalidae encompasses various species of sharks, commonly known as dogfish or spurdogs. A defining characteristic of these sharks is the presence of a sharp spine in front of each of their two dorsal fins. The most recognized species within this family is the spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias), which is abundant in the northern Atlantic and Pacific oceans. These sharks are typically gray with white spots and can grow between 60 to 120 cm (2 to 4 feet) in length. They often form dense schools and prey on fish and invertebrates. While sometimes considered a nuisance to fisheries, spiny dogfish are edible and their liver oil is used commercially. The spines of these dogfish can deliver painful wounds due to associated venom glands.123