Pleuronectoidei

The Pleuronectoidei, commonly known as flatfish, are a suborder of bony fish characterized by their flattened, oval bodies and asymmetrical form. Unlike most vertebrates, adult flatfish have both eyes on one side of their head, a result of metamorphosis where one eye migrates to the other side. This adaptation allows them to lie camouflaged on the seabed, typically resting on their white, unpigmented lower side while their pigmented upper side blends with the surroundings.12

Flatfish are carnivorous bottom-dwellers found in various waters, from tropical to cold regions, and inhabit depths up to 1,000 meters, though most are found on the continental shelf. Species vary greatly in size, with some reaching over 2 meters in length and weighing hundreds of kilograms. Examples include flounder, halibut, and turbot.12