Maranhão red-handed howler monkey

The Maranhão red-handed howler monkey (Alouatta ululata) is a critically endangered species native to the Atlantic coastal forests of Brazil. These monkeys are the largest New World monkeys, known for their roaring cries, which can travel for miles. They have stout bodies, prehensile tails, and typically black, brown, or red fur. Howlers possess an enlarged hyoid bone that amplifies their vocalizations. They are primarily leaf-eaters and live in groups, marking territories with their howls. The Maranhão red-handed howler monkey faces significant threats from hunting and habitat loss, with fewer than 2,500 adults estimated in 2008.1