Fulmarus

The genus Fulmarus contains species of gull-like oceanic birds belonging to the family Procellariidae, which also includes petrels and shearwaters. The name "fulmar" specifically refers to two species within this genus. These birds are known for flying low over the open ocean, similar to shearwaters.1

Fulmars are opportunistic eaters, with natural food sources including small fish, squid, and crustaceans. They are also known to consume ship's garbage and scavenge for carrion.1

The northern fulmar (F. glacialis) nests in colonies on oceanic cliffs in Arctic islands, the British Isles, and the western European coast. In winter, it is commonly found in offshore waters of the sub-Arctic and temperate zones. The southern fulmar (F. glacialoides) has a similar distribution in the Southern Hemisphere. Both species are typically predominantly white with pearly gray backs, though darker color variations exist.1

A related bird, the giant fulmar or giant petrel (Macronectes giganteus), is the largest member of the family, reaching about 90 cm (3 feet) in length with a wingspan over 200 cm (6.5 feet). It nests near the Antarctic Circle and in sub-Antarctic waters, feeding on various animal matter and preying on young seabirds. Sailors sometimes refer to it as "Nelly" or "stinker" due to its strong odor.1