Eciton

The genus Eciton refers to a group of blind, polymorphic ants native to the Neotropical region of Central and South America. These ants are known as army ants and are characterized by their nomadic colonies and frequent movement between hunting grounds.12

Eciton army ants are considered keystone species and top predators within their forest ecosystems. Their presence significantly influences the biodiversity of their communities, as many other vertebrate and invertebrate species rely on them for survival. The ants communicate primarily through touch and pheromones, using chemical trails to navigate and alarm pheromones to signal danger. Their diet is carnivorous and varied, including insects, spiders, and even small vertebrates.32

Colonies consist of a queen, workers, and males, with different physical forms (polymorphism) suited to specific roles like tending to the young or defense. Due to their ecological importance, the conservation of their forest habitats is crucial, as deforestation poses a threat to their survival.2