Bactrian camel
Quick Summary
The Bactrian camel is a mammal native to the steppes and arid regions of Eurasia. There are two species: the domesticated Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) and the wild Bactrian camel (C. ferus). They are distinguished from Arabian camels by their two humps, shorter stature, and longer hair.1
Bactrian camels are the heaviest members of the camel family, with humps that store fat convertible to energy, allowing them to survive long periods without food or water. They have adaptations for conserving water, such as sealing nostrils and minimal sweating and urination. They are primarily herbivorous but can consume other materials if necessary. Bactrian camels are known for their unique pacing gait and their ability to navigate sandy terrain with their wide, cushioned feet.1
Historically, Bactrian camels have been vital for transportation, trade along routes like the Silk Road, and as a source of milk, meat, wool, and hides. While domesticated populations are widespread, the wild Bactrian camel is critically endangered due to habitat degradation and other threats.12
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