Know about the first appearance of inflation in the 16th century Spain showing a relation between money and production of goods

The History of Money in Ten Minutes. Number Five: Money and Inflation.

In the 16th century, Spain brought home massive additional supplies of precious metals from the colonies. But what seemed like a dream come true and should surely have boosted trade turned sour when traders simply put up the price of their goods to match this new purchasing power. So the returning explorers were no better off and those without the new gold were even worse off. It was only those who had debts, which had in effect got smaller, who were actually better off.

This was the first appearance of the theory that too much money chasing too few goods can cause inflation-- unless, that is, that traders produce more goods or unless the newer, bigger money supply circulates less rapidly by people saving more, either because they are rich enough or because they are particularly gloomy about the future.