How does Earth orbit around the Sun?
Explanation of how objects under the influence of gravity move in orbits.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
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Transcript
During a tetherball game, the ball moves in a circular path around the pole. This is because of the rope that connects the ball to the pole. After a hit, the ball begins to travel forward, following the direction of the motion. The rope, meanwhile, constantly pulls the ball toward the pole, which ultimately causes the ball to move in a circle.
Earth’s orbit around the Sun can be understood in similar terms. All objects attract one another, including Earth and the Sun. The force of this attraction—or gravitational pull—depends on the size of the objects. As the Sun is very large, it exerts a great gravitational force on Earth.
The Sun's gravitational force is like the tetherball rope, in that it constantly pulls Earth toward it. Earth, however, like the tetherball, is traveling forward at a high rate of speed, which balances the gravitational effect. This means that the planet neither flies out into space nor falls into the Sun. Instead, it travels in a nearly circular motion around the Sun, creating an orbit.
Earth’s orbit around the Sun can be understood in similar terms. All objects attract one another, including Earth and the Sun. The force of this attraction—or gravitational pull—depends on the size of the objects. As the Sun is very large, it exerts a great gravitational force on Earth.
The Sun's gravitational force is like the tetherball rope, in that it constantly pulls Earth toward it. Earth, however, like the tetherball, is traveling forward at a high rate of speed, which balances the gravitational effect. This means that the planet neither flies out into space nor falls into the Sun. Instead, it travels in a nearly circular motion around the Sun, creating an orbit.
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