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Atlantic menhaden pilchard
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Atlantic menhaden
Atlantic menhaden Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus), a species often used commercially for fish meal.

fish meal

Also known as: fishmeal
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History

fish meal, coarsely ground powder made from the cooked flesh of fish. Though formerly important as a fertilizer, fish meal is now primarily used in animal feed—especially for poultry, swine, mink, farm-raised fish, and pets. Certain species of oily fish, such as menhaden, anchovy, herring, and pilchard, are the main source of fish meal and its companion product, fish oil.

pilchard
pilchardPilchards, or European sardines (Sardina, or Clupea, pilchardus).

To be processed into meal, chopped fish is forced by screw conveyor through long steam cookers. The cooked mash is then pressed to remove water and oil (which quickly spoils during storage). The pressed fish cakes are dried by hot air, yielding a meal that is high in vitamin B12 and contains as much as 50 percent protein.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica This article was most recently revised and updated by Kara Rogers.