Why was Mongolia renamed the Mongolian People’s Republic in 1924?

In 1924, Mongolia was renamed the Mongolian People’s Republic following the consolidation of power by the Mongolian People’s Party (MPP) and the death of the Bogd Khan, who had served as a constitutional monarch.12

During the third congress of the MPP in August 1924, the party moved to align the country with the Soviet Union, aiming to purge "oppressor class elements" and adopt a Leninist "noncapitalist path of development". Following this shift, a national assembly known as the Great Khural convened in November 1924 to adopt the country's first constitution. This act formally established the Mongolian People’s Republic and signaled the transition toward a command economy and a one-party state closely tied to Soviet political and economic models. During this same period, the capital city was renamed Ulaanbaatar, meaning "Red Hero," reflecting the new revolutionary direction of the state.1234