Why might grain need artificial drying before it is stored?

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A large grain elevator and several metal silos stand on a farm surrounded by green fields, with hills and a partly cloudy sky in the background. — Farm building Grain elevator and silos on a small farm.

Grain requires artificial drying before storage primarily to reduce its moisture content to a safe level, typically below 16 percent. When grain is stored with high moisture, it undergoes respiration, which generates heat that cannot easily dissipate in large bulks. This rise in temperature increases the rate of respiration and creates a favorable environment for molds, fungi, and various insects that cause spoilage and loss of food value.1

By using forced-air-drying systems, farmers can effectively manage these risks, allowing for greater flexibility in harvest timing and ensuring the long-term stability of the crop. Proper drying prevents the grain from becoming damaged or hot, which is essential for maintaining its quality and preventing significant post-harvest losses.21