Why have high dropout rates been a concern for MOOCs?

High dropout rates are a significant concern for MOOCs because they are frequently cited by critics as a fundamental weakness in the model, alongside high failure rates for those who remain enrolled.1

Several factors contribute to this lack of engagement and retention:

• Lack of Personal Connection: Students often feel isolated and demotivated due to the absence of face-to-face contact with lecturers and tutors, which is a core strength of traditional university structures.1
• Pedagogical Limitations: The reliance on digital formats, such as videos instead of in-person instruction, can lead to a perceived lack of high-quality education and engagement.1
• Structural Challenges: While some courses attempt to improve completion rates by restricting access to a weekly schedule with firm deadlines, others allow students to work at their own pace, which may reduce the pressure to finish.1
• Peer-Based Learning: The heavy reliance on peer grading and interaction, while necessary for managing massive enrollments, is often criticized for lacking the quality control and guidance provided by professional educators.1