Why did law faculties replace theological faculties in many Latin American universities after independence?

Following independence in Latin America, the shift from theological faculties to faculties of law was primarily driven by the revolutionary spirit and the desire of new governments to modernize and secularize their institutions.12

During the colonial era, theology held a position of preeminence in universities, reflecting the close integration of church and state. However, as Latin American nations achieved independence, liberal movements sought to dismantle the privileges of the Roman Catholic Church, which they blamed for historical backwardness. Consequently, theological faculties largely disappeared, and law faculties assumed a position of dominance.321

This transition was part of a broader effort to establish secular, state-operated systems of higher education that could serve the needs of new, independent republics. Law became the central focus of professional training, as the new governments required expertise to develop constitutional and legal orders, manage state affairs, and foster the development of citizens in line with their emerging democratic ideals.124