Why did industrial manufacturing grow in Colombia during the 1930s?

Industrial manufacturing in Colombia experienced rapid growth during the 1930s primarily due to the Great Depression.12

As the global economic collapse caused the value of major Colombian exports—such as coffee, petroleum, and bananas—to drop precipitously, the availability of imported goods became severely limited. This scarcity necessitated a shift toward import substitution, a strategy where the country began producing goods domestically that it had previously imported.3421

This environment allowed local manufacturing to gain a foothold, with Medellín emerging as a key industrial center, particularly for the production of cotton textiles and other fabrics. By fostering this domestic production, Colombia began a transition toward self-sufficiency in nondurable consumer goods that continued into the following decades.251