Why did Thomas Hobbes oppose dividing sovereign power among different institutions?

Thomas Hobbes argued that all powers of sovereignty must be concentrated in a single entity—whether a monarch, an assembly, or the entire body of citizens—because any division of these powers would inevitably destroy the sovereign.1

For Hobbes, the primary purpose of the state is to ensure collective security and prevent a return to the state of nature, which he characterized as a chaotic "war of every man against every man". He believed that dividing authority, such as through the separation of powers or by splitting influence between church and state, creates internal or functional divisions that weaken the government.213

By concentrating power, the sovereign remains the supreme commander of the military and the final interpreter of law and scripture. Hobbes maintained that this unity is essential to avoid civil war and to provide the stability necessary for human life to be more than "solitary, poore, nasty, brutish, and short".231