Why did F.H. Bradley criticize both determinism and libertarianism?

In his work Ethical Studies (1876), the British philosopher F.H. Bradley argued that neither determinism nor indeterminism (libertarianism) could adequately justify the common, or "vulgar," notion of moral responsibility.1

Bradley’s criticisms were based on the following points:

• Determinism: He rejected this view because it implies that humans are never the ultimate originators of their own actions, thereby undermining the basis for moral accountability.1
• Indeterminism: He dismissed this position because it suggests that human decisions are merely random, which he believed fails to provide a coherent account of free will.1

Ultimately, Bradley maintained that it is intuitively obvious that humans possess free will. Because philosophical theories of determinism conflict with these deep-rooted moral intuitions, he advocated for a return to common sense, suggesting that it is more reasonable to abandon such philosophical theories than to discard our fundamental moral convictions.1