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Why did Epicurus advise followers to avoid political life?

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Bronze bust of Epicurus with a full beard and draped clothing, displayed on a round inscribed base at the National Archaeological Museum of Naples. — Epicureanism Epicurus, bronze bust from a Greek original, c. 280–270 bce; in the Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Naples.

Epicurus advised his followers to avoid political life and public affairs as part of his broader ethical commitment to achieving ataraxia—a state of tranquility and freedom from mental or emotional disturbance.123

For Epicureans, the supreme good was the absence of pain from both the body and the soul. Political involvement was viewed as a source of unnecessary agitation, anxiety, and conflict, which threatened this inner peace. By withdrawing into the "garden"—a private community centered on friendship and simple living—followers could minimize their desires and avoid the stresses associated with public power and competition.45231

While Epicurus did not advocate for total isolation, he viewed public life as incompatible with the quiet, reflective existence required to maintain a state of sustained happiness. Instead of seeking influence in the state, Epicureans prioritized personal relationships and the cultivation of a simple, virtuous life, believing that true security and pleasure were found in private, intimate connections rather than the volatile world of politics.4215