Britannica
Sources used in this answer
Why are violent acts by strikers or rioters not considered acts of enemies of the crown?
Created from Britannica articles
using AI.
AI can make mistakes, so verify using Britannica articles.
Carriage of goods
Justinian I, detail of a 6th-century mosaic at the Church of San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy.
In the context of carriage of goods law, the term "acts of enemies of the crown" is defined specifically as acts committed by enemy soldiers during wartime or by rebels during a civil war.1
Violent acts by strikers or rioters do not fall under this exception because they do not constitute organized warfare or rebellion against the state. Consequently, such acts are not recognized as an excepted cause that would relieve a carrier of liability for the loss or damage of goods in their possession.1