Britannica
Sources used in this answer
Who founded Subud in Indonesia?
Created from Britannica articles
using AI.
AI can make mistakes, so verify using Britannica articles.
new religious movement
As the leader of Peoples Temple, Jim Jones was notorious for instigating a shocking mass murder-suicide, the Jonestown Massacre, in 1978.
The new religious movement known as Subud was founded in Indonesia by Muhammad Subuh, who was also known as Bapak.12
A former student of Sufism, Bapak claimed that he received the mission to establish the movement in 1933 following a profound mystical experience he had in 1925. The movement remained centered in Indonesia until the 1950s, when it began to spread to Europe and America.12