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Which modern countries were included in Gran Colombia?
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The republic of Gran Colombia (1819â1830) was a short-lived state that encompassed territory now divided among four modern nations. These countries are:12
Formed during the wars for independence from Spain under the leadership of SimĂłn BolĂvar, the republic was intended to create a strong, centralized government in northern South America. However, internal regional rivalries and political instability led to the secession of Venezuela and Ecuador by 1830, effectively ending the union.12