Which goods did Vikings carry east along their trade routes?

Vikings engaged in extensive trade networks that connected northern Europe to the Arab world and the Byzantine Empire. Along the routes leading east—particularly those following the Russian river systems toward Novgorod, Kyiv, and Constantinople—the primary goods transported by the Vikings were:

• Enslaved people1
• Furs231
• Amber1

The trade in enslaved people and furs was particularly lucrative, as evidenced by the significant quantities of Arab silver coins discovered in Scandinavian soil. While these goods moved east, the Vikings brought back items such as precious metals, jewels, textiles, and glassware from their eastern travels.231