Which climate conditions does a cacao tree need to grow well?

The cacao tree (Theobroma cacao) requires specific tropical climate conditions to thrive. It grows best at altitudes between 30 and 300 metres (100 to 1,000 feet) above sea level in environments where temperatures remain consistently between 20 °C (68 °F) and 28 °C (82 °F).1

Regarding moisture, the tree requires a minimum annual rainfall of about 100 cm (39 inches) that is evenly distributed throughout the year, with 150–200 cm (59–79 inches) being optimal. Because the tree has a shallow root system, it also requires protection from strong winds. Successful cultivation further depends on deep, well-drained soil that is porous and rich in humus. In practice, growers often plant other trees, such as banana or rubber, alongside cacao to provide the necessary shade and wind protection for younger trees.1