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Which chicken breeds are considered dual-purpose birds for eggs and meat?

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In the context of poultry farming, dual-purpose chicken breeds are those valued for both their egg-laying capabilities and their meat production. While industrial facilities often rely on specialized strains optimized for either meat or eggs, small farms and backyard flocks frequently utilize dual-purpose breeds that offer a balance of both traits.1

Common American breeds recognized as dual-purpose include:

Plymouth Rock1
Wyandotte1
Rhode Island Red1
New Hampshire1

Additionally, the Brahma, an Asiatic breed, is widely popular for both its meat and its production of large brown eggs. These breeds are favored in non-industrial settings for their versatility, contrasting with specialized industrial birds like the White Leghorn, which is primarily used for egg production, or the Cornish Cross, which is specifically bred for efficient meat production.1