Which Olympic equestrian disciplines allow both team and individual competition?

In the context of Olympic equestrianism, there are three primary disciplines that feature both team and individual competitions:

• Dressage: This discipline focuses on the harmony between horse and rider, requiring the completion of predetermined movements at the walk, trot, and canter.12
• Jumping: In this event, horse and rider must clear a series of obstacles within a set time limit, with penalties assessed for faults such as knocking down rails or disobedience.132
• Eventing: Often described as an equestrian triathlon, this is considered the most demanding discipline. It combines dressage, cross-country endurance riding, and show jumping into a single competition.142

These three disciplines have been staples of the Olympic program, and it is a fundamental ethical principle of the sport that these events are mixed, meaning men and women compete against one another in the same categories.2