Which Dravidian languages preserve the dental, alveolar, and retroflex stop distinctions?

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Thematic map of South Asia showing the distribution of Dravidian languages, with different regions shaded or marked to indicate where specific Dravidian languages and subgroups are spoken. Most languages are concentrated in southern and central India, with some northern outliers in Pakistan, Afghanistan, and eastern India. A key identifies the languages by number and subgroup, and striped areas indicate regions where several subgroups overlap. — Dravidian languages Distribution of Dravidian languages.

Among the Dravidian languages, the nonliterary South Dravidian languages—specifically Toda, Kota, Irula, and Kurumba—are noted for preserving the three-way distinction of stop consonants found in Proto-Dravidian.1

These languages maintain distinct pronunciations for the dental, alveolar, and retroflex stops:1

Dental (/t/): Produced using the teeth.1
Alveolar (/ṯ/): Produced at the alveolar ridge.1
Retroflex (/ṭ/): Produced with the tongue curled back against the roof of the mouth.1

While this three-way contrast was a feature of the hypothetical parent language, Proto-Dravidian, its preservation in these specific languages is of significant interest to linguists and anthropologists.21