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Where was the Pontic-Caspian steppe homeland proposed for Proto-Indo-European located?
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The Pontic-Caspian steppe homeland proposed for Proto-Indo-European is located in the region north of the Black Sea and Caspian Sea. This area encompasses parts of present-day Ukraine, southern Russia, and extends into Kazakhstan.123
This hypothesis, which is currently the more popular of the two primary theories regarding the origins of the Indo-European languages, suggests that the language was spoken in this region approximately 6,000 years ago. Many scholars associate this homeland with the Kurgan culture, a group of related steppe cultures that inhabited the area and were transformed by the introduction of horse-drawn wheeled vehicles and other innovations after 4000 BCE.321