Where was the Athanasian Creed used in church liturgy during the Middle Ages?
The Athanasian Creed was used in church liturgy in Germany during the 9th century and later in Rome. Its influence was primarily in southern France and Spain during the 6th and 7th centuries.1
The Athanasian Creed is a Christian statement of faith, divided into two sections: one on the Trinity and the other on the Incarnation. It is considered authoritative by the Roman Catholic Church and some Protestant denominations. The creed begins and ends with strong declarations that adherence to its tenets is essential for salvation. These "damnatory clauses" have led to calls for restrictions or abandonment of its use in some Anglican churches.1
Scholars generally agree that the creed was not written by Athanasius but likely originated in southern France in the 5th century. The earliest known copy appears in a collection of homilies by Caesarius of Arles, who died in 542.1