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Britannica Sources used in this answer

Where did the River Yuman peoples traditionally live?

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Map showing the distribution of Indigenous peoples and their lands in the American Southwest, with labeled areas for groups such as the Navajo, Hopi, Zuni, Apache, Pima, Yuma, Mojave, and others, along with major rivers and reservation boundaries.
Indigenous peoples of the American Southwest

The River Yuman peoples traditionally lived in the bottomlands along the lower Colorado River and the middle Gila River valleys.123

These groups, which included the Mojave, Quechan (Yuma), Cocopa, and Maricopa, resided in dispersed riverside hamlets. They practiced floodplain farming, taking advantage of the annual spring overflows of these rivers, which deposited rich silt and moisture onto their fields, making irrigation unnecessary.124