When did John Locke believe citizens could overthrow a government?

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According to John Locke’s political theory, citizens are entitled to overthrow a government when it abuses its trust and fails to protect the fundamental rights of the people—specifically their life, liberty, and property—as defined by the law of nature.123

Because the legitimacy of any government is derived solely from the consent of the governed, a state that violates this trust acts despotically. If the executive or legislative powers fail to provide the conditions necessary for citizens to enjoy their natural rights, the people have the moral authority to remove that government, by force if necessary. Locke maintained that the people themselves are the ultimate judges of whether such a breach of trust has occurred. This right to revolution is considered a measure of last resort, permissible only in extremis when the social contract has been fundamentally broken.213