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What role do sambals play in an Indonesian meal?

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In Indonesian cuisine, sambal serves as an essential spicy relish that accompanies virtually every meal.1

Functioning as a versatile condiment, it is typically eaten alongside staples such as rice and curry. While the basic preparation involves a blend of fresh chilis, shrimp paste (trassi), lime juice, sugar, and salt, the dish is highly adaptable. It can be served raw or fried (sambal goreng), and its flavor profile is frequently expanded with ingredients like vegetables, fruits, meats, and ketjap manis (a sweet spiced soy sauce). By providing a concentrated burst of heat and seasoning, sambal acts as a fundamental component that balances and enhances the overall flavor of an Indonesian meal.21