What may Astarte figurines found in ancient homes have represented?

In the context of ancient Middle Eastern religious practices, "Astarte" figurines—which depict a nude woman, often with exaggerated breasts and genitalia and sometimes holding a child—were common objects found both in sacred spaces and domestic settings.1

These figurines are believed to have functioned as fetishes representing the mother goddess. Their presence in ancient homes suggests they were likely used in personal or household rituals intended to stimulate conception, assist with childbirth, or aid in lactation. While not confined to temples, these items served as tangible expressions of religious devotion, allowing individuals to seek divine intervention for matters of fertility and family welfare within the private sphere.1