What major questions about knowledge and morality are explored in philosophy of religion?

The philosophy of religion examines fundamental questions regarding the nature of human knowledge and the foundations of morality.1

Epistemological Issues

The central question is whether God can be known. Philosophers explore whether the existence of God can be proven through a priori or a posteriori arguments, such as the cosmological argument, the argument from design, or the ontological argument. When proof is considered impossible or unnecessary, the focus shifts to whether religious belief can be reasonable through religious experience, revelation, or a voluntary leap of faith.23

Moral Issues

Philosophy of religion investigates whether morality is dependent upon or independent of religion.4
* Dependency: Some argue that morality requires a divine source to provide objective standards or motivation through reward and punishment.4
* Independence: Others contend that moral truths are accessible through reason, conscience, or intuition. This perspective often highlights the Euthyphro dilemma, which questions whether moral goodness is independent of God or merely a product of divine whim.4
* The Problem of Evil: A major moral challenge is the problem of evil, which questions how the existence of horrendous suffering can be reconciled with an omnipotent and perfectly good deity.5