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What labor service did able-bodied Han men owe to the state?

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Map showing the Han Empire's territory around 100 BCE, shaded in orange, covering much of eastern China and extending westward. The map also marks the boundary of modern China and highlights the Great Wall running along the northern frontier, built for protection against the Huns. Major rivers and the capital, Chang'an (Xi'an), are labeled. — Han dynasty Map showing the extent of the Han empire c. 100 bce.

In addition to mandatory military service, able-bodied Han men were required to provide one month of labor annually to the state labor corps.1

These conscripted workers were tasked with a variety of infrastructure and logistical projects, including:

Constructing and repairing palaces and imperial mausoleums.1
Building and maintaining public infrastructure such as roads and bridges.1
Transporting essential goods, specifically grain and hemp.1
Performing emergency repairs on dikes and riverbanks.1
Working in state-controlled salt and iron industries.1

While this service was a general obligation for able-bodied males, individuals who had attained certain ranks of honor or social status were often granted exemptions from these labor and tax requirements.1