What is the difference between overt propaganda and covert propaganda?

The primary distinction between overt and covert propaganda lies in the transparency of the source behind the message.

• Overt propaganda: In this form, the identity of the propagandists and their backers is made known to the audience (the reactors). The source of the information is transparent, allowing the audience to identify who is attempting to influence their opinions or actions.1
• Covert propaganda: In this form, the true sources of the message are kept secret or intentionally disguised. Examples include political advertisements signed with false names, clandestine radio broadcasts, or statements made by individuals—such as politicians or editors—who have been secretly bribed or influenced by governments, political groups, or business firms to disseminate specific viewpoints.1

While these categories are distinct, sophisticated efforts in areas like political campaigns, diplomatic negotiation, and commercial advertising often utilize a combination of both overt and covert techniques to maximize their influence on public opinion.1