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What does lowering a flag at sea traditionally mean?

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In the context of maritime flag traditions, lowering a flag—often referred to as "striking" the flag—is the traditional signal of surrender.1

It is important to distinguish this act from other ceremonial uses of lowering a flag at sea:

  • Dipping: Ships salute one another by "dipping" their flags, which involves running the flag down from the masthead and then quickly raising it again to show honor and respect.1
  • Mourning: A flag flown at half-mast serves as a universal symbol of mourning.1
  • Distress: A ship signals distress by hoisting its national ensign upside down.1